Shaving apparatus



NOV. 4, 1941'. E, HlRV SHAVING @PPARATUS Filed Sept. 25, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l Nov. 4, 1941. E. HlRv 2,261,737

A SHAVING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 23, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 @www Patented Nov. 4, 1941 UNITED STATES .PATET 'OFFICE Application september 23, 193s, serial No. 231,447 In Sweden September 2,8, 1937 11 Claims.

The present invention relates to a shaving apparatus, provided with a knife plate movable to and fro and a stationary cover plate cooperating with said knife plate, and has for its object to provide a shaving apparatus, which is close-cutting, effectively and reliably operative, and by means of which a quite satisfactory dry shave is obtained. v

The invention is substantially characterised by the fact, that the knife plate has two cutting edges, which viewed from above form an angle with each other like two adjacent sides of a triangle. The cover plate is provided with a corresponding recess angularly formed in such a way that, during the reciprocating motion of the knife plate in a direction perpendicular to the bisector of the angle, the cutting edges of the knife and cover plate cooperate with each other in shearing relationship.

The apparatus, which may be driven either by hand or by suitable electrical operating means, not illustrated, is particularly effective, if the angle between the cutting edges of the knife plate and the angle between the edges of the recess of the cover plate are of different sizes, so that, as the knife plate is moved under the respective edges of the recess of the cover plate, each cutting edge of the knife plate will progressively engage the cooperating edge of the cover plate in a point contact in order to obtain a good cutting effect.

One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 isa top view of a shaving apparatus carried out according to the invention. Fig. 2 is a front View of the apparatus, and Fig. 3 is a side view of the same. Figure 4 is a plan view of the knife plate. Figure 5 is a side elevation of the same. Figure 6 isa perspective view of the cover plate .slightly modified from that shown in Figure 3. Figure 7 is a sectional view on the line 1 1 of Figure 6. Figure 8 is a front elevation of the cover plate also illustrated in Figures 6 and '1.

In the drawings an apparatus intended for manual driving is shown, although it would be most suitable in practice to drive the same by means of an electrical motor or the like and suitable means to connect the same to the movable blade, which motor or connecting means are not illustrated. The different motion transmitting members and guiding members of the apparatus may be constructed in many various ways, and

ratus has two handle legs I and 2, onelleg I of which at the top is rigidly connected to a base platev 3, which plate at its lower end carries a the shaft 4, which arm is engaged by one end of the device shown in the drawings and described hereinafter is only intended to illustrate the idea of the invention.

According to the drawings the shaving appaa helical spring 6 provided around the shaft 4, the other end of said-spring engaging a notched plate 1 on the leg I. 'I'he spring 6 normally urges the leg 2 away from the leg I. In the construction as shown the tension of the spring 6 may be adjusted by bringing the same into engagement with various notches in the plate 1.

An angle piece 9 is secured to the base plate 3 by means of screws 8 or the like, one flange I0 of the angle piece (Fig. 3) forming a front plate substantially parallel to but spaced from the back plate 3, which space at the Alower end is defined by the flange II of the angle piece (Fig. 3). In said lspace a sliding member I2, which is movable to and fro, is provided in the shape of an angle rail with aA vertical flange and a substantially horizontal flange I3. As shown, this angular sliding member is guided by a downwardly prof. jecting rib at one side of horizontal flange I3,

which is accommodated in a groove provided in the top edge of a plate I4 stationarily mounted in the space between flange Ill and base plate 3 (Fig. 3).

A set screw I5 threaded through the front of flange IIJ slidably engages the outer side of the vertical flange of the angular sliding member I2, while a rail I 6 rests against the inner side of said flange. According to the illustrated construction, this rail I6 is provided at its ends with downwardly directed' projections I1, which extend through slots in the bottom liange II, the free ends of which projections are held in operative position by a leaf spring I8. Spring I8 is adapted to be tightened by means of a screw I9, and thus yieldingly press the rail I6 against the vertical flange of the angular sliding member I2,`

the slots in flange II serving as fulcrums.

This guiding device for the sliding member I2 may of course be constructed in many other Ways and modified according to the Way of operation, i. e. if it is driven by hand or suitable electrical means, not illustrated.

The slide member I2 and the upper flange I3 carry a knife plate or blade 20 of the shaving apparatus, said sliding member being actuated to and fro by means of the handle 2 and arm 5 which is operatively connected at one end to a bar 2I such as by welding, brazing, a threaded Viewed from above the knife plate 20 substanj tially has the form of a triangle, its two cutting edges 22 (Fig. l) forming an angle. The knife plate is produced from a substantially rectangular plate with the corner and side portions thereof turned up in such a manner that the turned-up edges, when the plate is seen in plan view, form an angle, the point of which is situated midway between the endsl of the plate. The turned-up edges form the cutting edges of the knife plate, which cooperates with a stationary cover plate 23, which is adapted to rest against the skin while shaving. The cover plate 23 is somewhat inclined (see Fig. 3) and is provided with a ange 24 which is bent downwards and secured to the base plate 3. The flange 24 may be retained on the plate 3 by means of suitable screws adjustable in slots to make it possible to adjust the cover plate 23. y

As shown in Figs. 1 and 6 through 8, the cover plate 23 is provided with an angular recess, through which the knife plate 20 is visible, the cutting edges 22 of which cooperate with the edges 25 of the recess of the cover plate which are sharpened to form a stationary blade. According to the invention the angle between the cutting edges of the knife plate may be different from and preferably less than the angle between the cutting edges 25 of the recess of plate 23. Thus, at the motion of the knife plate in the -direction perpendicular to the bisectors of the angles that cutting edge of the knife plate which is turned in the direction of motion will with a successively increasing portion of its length be brought into engagement with and under the edge 25 of the recess, as is clear from Fig. 1. Consequently the shaving apparatus will cut the hairs with a distinct shearing action and avoid pulling the same. In the illustra-ted device the cutting takes place from the point of the recess of the cover plate in the direction outwards, but obviously the cutting may also be'similarly carried out in the case where thegangle between the cutting edges of the knife plate is larger than the angle between the walls of the recess of plate 23.V

The knife plate 20 is removably xed to the side fiange I3 by means of screws 26, which are placed one in each corner of the knife plate, which is triangular in the horizontal plane. Further the knife plate, the central point of which is always located under the edge portion of the recess of the cover plate, is kept yieldingly pressed against the cover plate in order to maintain engagement between the cooperating cutting edges. For this purpose there may be provided a recess adjacent the central screw 26 in the flange I3 of the sliding member, in which recess a plate spring 2'I is introduced, which is apertured to receive the central screw 2S which is not tightened in this case, whereby the spring 21 yiel-dingly presses the knife plate against the cover plate. To provide resilient contact between the cooperative cutting edges of the blades the knife plate 20 may be resilient per se, or possibly also both the other screws 26 may be somewhat loosened and additional springs similar to 21 may be provided at the other screws or at other places between the knife plate and the sliding member. The cover plate 23 may, as Fig. 2 shows, have both cutting edges incline downwards and inwards, so that the skin resting against the cover plate during the shaving forms a curve, which contributes to obtaining a close shave.

With a View to prevent skin from entering between the outer end portions of the cooperating cutting edges a curved plate 28 is xed to the outside of the front ange I0 of the shaving apparatus, which plate at its ends is provided with upwardly projecting tabs 29, which engage the edges of the cover plate 23 and the upper edges of which will rest against the skin and prevent it from entering between the cutting edges.

As said before the constructional embodiment of the invention may be varied within wide scopes without ldeparting from the fundamental idea.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A shaving apparatus comprising a stationary blade adapted to rest against the skin, a movable blade cooperating wtih said stationary blade, said blades each having a pair lof cutting edges angularly related and subtending a substantial angle, the edges of each blade cooperating with the edges of the other blade in shearing relationship, means to support the blades in operative relationship, and means to actuate the movable blade. Y i* 2. A shaving apparatus comprising a stationary blade adapted to rest against the skin, said blade having a pair of cutting edges on one side angularly disposed to each other to form a wide, obtuse angle, a movable blade reciprocable with respect to said rst blade andhaving a pair of angularly disposed cutting edges alsol forming' a wide obtuse angle therebetween and adapted to cooperate with the cutting edges of the stationary blade in shearing relationship, means to support the blades in operative relationship, and meansl to actuate said movable blade.

3. A shaving apparatus comprising a stationary blade adapted vto be disposed against the skin, formed from a substantially rectangular plate, one side of which is notched with the edges of the notch sharpened to form angularly related cutting edges subtending a wide angle, a generally triangular shaped, movable blade having the sides of the triangle sharpened to form cutting edges adapted to shearingly cooperate with the stationary blade edges and generally fitting within the notch thereof, the edges of the movable blade also subtending a wide angle, means to operatively support and guide the movable blade with respect to the stationary blade and means to reciprocate the movable blade.

4. A shaving apparatus comprising a stationary blade adapted to be disposed against the skin, formed from a substantially rectangularv plate, one side of which is notched with the edges of the notch sharpened to formv angularly related cutting edges subtending a wide angle, a generally triangular shaped, movable blade having the sides of the triangle sharpened to form cutting edges adapted to shearingly cooperate with the stationary blade edges and generally fitting withinY the notch thereof, the edges of the movable blade also subtending a wide but slightly smaller angle than that of the notch of the stationary blade,

a flange spaced from said plate, a stationary v blade having a flange secured to said plate and a second flange extending outwardly at a substantial angle to said plate, said latter ange having two angularly related shearing edges adapted to be disposed against the skin, said shearing edges subtending a wide angle, a blade support slidably mounted in the space between said base plate and flange of the angular member carrying a movable blade, the movable blade being generally triangular in top plan View, the sides of the triangle being sharpened, forming shearing edges and subtending a wide angle generally corresponding to that of the other blade, means to yieldably urge the respective blades into cooperative relationship and means to reciprocate the blade support and movable blade.

6. A shaving apparatus comprising a base plate, an angular member secured thereto and having a ange spaced from said plate, a stationary blade having a flange secured to said plate and a second flange extending outwardly at a substantial angle to said plate, said latter flange having two angularly related shearing edges adapted to be disposed against the skin, said shearing edges subtending a wide angle, a blade support slidably mounted in the space between said base plate and flange of the angular member carrying a movable blade, the movable blade being generally tri angular in top plan view, the sides of the triangle being sharpened, forming shearing edges and subtending a wide angle generally corresponding to that of the other blade, said movable blade being formed of resilient material with portions bearing the shearing edges bent angularly away from the blade support, whereby resilient contact between the relatively movable shearing edges is provided, means to yieldably urge the respective blades into cooperative relationship, and means to reciprocate the blade support and movable blade.

'7. A shaving apparatus comprising a base plate, an angular member secured thereto and having a ange spaced from said plate, a stationary blade having a flange secured to said plate and a second flange extending outwardly at a substantial angle to said plate, said latter flange having two angularly related shearing edges adapted to be disposed against the skin, said shearing edges subtending a wide angle, a guideway secured to said base plate, a blade support slidably mounted in the space between said base plate and flange of the angular member and having a guide rib fitting in said guideway, said support carrying a movable blade, the movable blade being generally triangular in top plan view, the sides of the triangle being sharpened, forming shearing edges and subtending a wide angle generally corresponding to that of the other blade, means to yieldably urge the respective blades into cooperative relationship comprising a lever fulcrumed through an aperture in said angular member, one end of said lever engaging said blade support and means engaging the other end of the lever to tension the same, and means to reciprocate the blade support and movable blade.

8. A shaving apparatus comprising a base plate, an angular member secured thereto and having a flange spaced from said plate, a stationary blade having a flange secured to said plate and a second flange extending outwardly at a substantial angle to said plate, said latter flange having two angularly related shearing edges adapted to be disposed against the skin, said shearing edges subtending a wide angle, a guideway secured to said base plate, a blade support slidably mounted in the space between said base plate and flange of the angular member and having a guide rib fitting in said guideway, said support carrying a movable blade, the movable blade being generally triangular in top plan view, the sides of the triangle being sharpened, forming shearing edges and subtending a wide angle generally corresponding to that of the other blade, said movable blade being formed of resilient material with portions bearing the shearing edges bent angularly away from the blade support, whereby resilient contact between the relatively movable shearing edges is provided, means to yieldably urge the respective blades into cooperative relationship comprising a lever fulcrumed through an aperture in said angular member, one end of said lever engaging said blade support and means engagingv the other end of the lever to tension the same, and means to reciprocate the blade support and movable blade.

9. I'he combination of claim 5, wherein the angle between the edges of the movable blade is slightly less than that between the edges of the stationary blade, whereby a point contact is provided between cooperating blade edges which progressively moves the length of each edge as the blades are moved with respect to each other.

10. The combination of claim 5,v wherein the stationary blade edges are in the form of a notch extending inwardly from one side of the blade, the portions of said blade at the ends of the notch extending outwardly past the movable blade, and a guard fixed to the spaced flange of the angular member extending upwardly to engage sald extending portions of the stationary blade to prevent the skin from entering the space between the cooperating shearing edges.

11. A blade for a shaving apparatus having a triangular base plate, side members integral with and extending from two sides of said plate in angular relation to the plane thereof, the outer edges of said members progressively extending from adjacent the intersection of said two sides outwardly, away from said plate the length of said members, said members being curved as they extend outwardly, the long free edges of said members being sharpened and curved.

EUGEN HIRV. 

